Colonial powers occupy countries without waiting for an invitation. Even though they are out-numbered, they succeed by using brute force. Key areas are garrisoned which are necessary. Unfortunately, garrisons become a focus for hostility and a cycle of violence. Once unrest is institutionalised, peace is impossible.
Rome’s occupation of Judaea lasted 500 years, from 27 BCE (BC) to 476 CE. Rome’s commitment to toleration meant Jews worshipped peacefully whilst remaining a subject people. Prosperity increased markedly with Roman technology and systems of governance but there were numerous rebellions. They all failed.
Rome provided opportunities and Jewish migration across the empire was extensive.It was driven by economics,
Avrum Ehrlich also states that already well before the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD [CE], more Jews lived in the Diaspora than in Israel.1
The fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE was significant.2 The rebellion, 67-74 CE, led to the destruction of Jerusalem’s Temple. The final action in the rebellion was defeat at Masada3 after a breath-taking heroic final stand.
Judaea was renamed Syria Palaestina4 in 135 CE after the failed Bar Kokhba rebellion. The Romans believed that eradicating the Jewish name would crush Jewish identity and future rebellions.
Rome’s occupation of Judaea ended when the empire collapsed.
Notes
1 History of the Jews in the Roman Empire – Wikipedia The term ‘Israel’ is used entirely wrongly here as there was no such geographic entity.
2 Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE) – Wikipedia
3 The Siege of Masada: History and Archaeology
4 What did the Romans rename Israel? – Geographic FAQ Hub: Answers to Your Global Questions
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